1) Data content: comparative analysis results of species diversity of Pan third polar amphipods centered on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in 2021; 2) Data sources and processing methods: Based on 567 genetic data from the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, the phylogenetic tree was constructed by beast software; Based on 3180 distribution data of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, including longitude, latitude and altitude, the predicted distribution maps of LGM, mid hologene, present and future periods are constructed by using ArcView and MaxEnt software; 3) Data quality description: sample collection and longitude, latitude and altitude information are checked to ensure the quality of distribution data. Analysts have been strictly trained in the laboratory; 4) Results and prospects of data application: it is found that the pan third pole with the Qinghai Tibet Plateau as the core includes rich species diversity of amphipods, but most species have not been officially described and published, which needs to be carried out in the next step. The study provides a scientific basis for biodiversity assessment and ecological protection in Tibet.
HOU Zhonge
The Hindu Kush mountains are tall mountains in Central Asia. The average altitude is about 5000 meters, and the highest peak, tiriqmir peak, is 7690 meters above sea level. It is the watershed between the Indus River in the southwest of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and the Amu Darya River in the Pamir Plateau. Studying the genetic structure of the population in this area will help to deeply understand the diffusion history of the population and the genetic basis of adapting to the plateau environment. Studying the genetic structure of the population in this area will help to deeply understand the diffusion history of the population and the genetic basis of adapting to the plateau environment. In this study, we studied the maternal genetic structure of 213 individuals from 5 populations distributed in Xingdu Kush mountains. The mitochondrial genome sequences of 213 individuals (average depth > 1000x) were obtained by mitochondrial genome capture library construction and second-generation sequencing (Illumina hiseq x ten platform). Based on the idea of phylogeny, we control the quality of these data to ensure that there are no quality problems such as sample pollution. The modified Cambridge standard sequence was used as a reference for the output of mutation sites. According to the mitochondrial DNA phylogenetic tree (phylotree. ORG) of people around the world, each sample was divided into haplotype groups. Based on the mtDNA data of modern population and ancient samples published in the past, the origin and diffusion history of population in this area were systematically studied. The results show that the main maternal genetic components of Indo European populations in this region come from western Eurasia. Haplotypes w3a1a and j1b1a1 may be related to the migration of Indo European language groups, indicating that the diffusion of Indo European language groups to South Asia may not only be a simple cultural expansion, but also accompanied by the migration of some people. In addition, the study also shows that northern Pakistan may play an important channel role in the diffusion of Indo European languages to South Asia.
KONG Qingpeng
This data set includes three land vertebrate infrared cameras and environmental parameter data sets deployed in Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park. The equipment is deployed at two locations in the National Park, with a time span (2020.8-2021.6). Due to equipment maintenance and insufficient illumination, some data are discontinuous, but the data of the three equipment can complement each other and reconstruct all the information of the observation points in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park from August 2020 to June 2021. Two of the three devices are equipped with infrared cameras, which collect 216 photos and 1239 photos respectively, which can match with the above sensor photos or the ecological factor information before and after taking photos. 1. Wild animals, temperature, humidity, light, pressure and network signal strength information in the forest area of tiger and leopard National Park. The acquisition interval is once every half an hour 2. Data source: "development of terrestrial vertebrate monitoring equipment", 2016yfc0500104, completed by: Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, raw data, unprocessed 3. The sensor data acquisition interval is every half an hour. The temperature accuracy is plus or minus 0.1 degrees and the humidity accuracy is plus or minus 0.5%. The photo data is divided into trigger and timing. The trigger data is generally triggered by wild animals in the field of vision of the infrared camera; the timing photo data is dynamically adjusted according to the battery power, and the acquisition interval is between 1-12 hours. 4. This data can be used to record the ambient temperature in the reserve. Combined with the infrared camera data, it can be used to analyze the activity rhythm of wild animals, coexistence analysis and distribution limiting factors.
QIAO Huijie
This data set includes two infrared cameras and environmental parameter data sets of three terrestrial vertebrates deployed in Qilian Mountain reserve. The equipment is deployed near Sidalong in Qilian Mountain reserve, with a time span of (2020.8-2021.10). Due to equipment maintenance and insufficient illumination, some data are discontinuous, but the data of the two equipment can complement each other and reconstruct all the information of observation points in Qilian Mountain reserve from August 2020 to October 2021. One of the two devices is equipped with an infrared camera, which collects 4994 photos, which can be matched with the above sensor photos, or the ecological factor information before and after taking photos. 1. Wild animals and temperature, humidity, light, pressure and network signal strength information in Qilian Mountain reserve. The acquisition interval is once every half an hour 2. Data source: "development of terrestrial vertebrate monitoring equipment", 2016yfc0500104, completed by: Institute of zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, raw data, unprocessed 3. The sensor data acquisition interval is every half an hour. The temperature accuracy is plus or minus 0.1 degrees and the humidity accuracy is plus or minus 0.5%. The photo data is divided into trigger and timing. The trigger data is generally triggered by wild animals in the field of vision of the infrared camera; the timing photo data is dynamically adjusted according to the battery power, and the acquisition interval is between 1-12 hours. 4. This data can be used to record the ambient temperature in the reserve. Combined with the infrared camera data, it can be used to analyze the activity rhythm of wild animals, coexistence analysis and distribution limiting factors.
QIAO Huijie
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of main domesticated animals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, clarify their related genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource bank. In May 2021, sub project 3 carried out the investigation and collection of genetic resources of domestic animals in Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, Gansu Province. A total of 156 local Tan sheep ear tissues, 44 goat ear tissues and 25 Tibetan sheep ear tissues were collected, totaling 225. At the same time, the individual's body length, height, weight, date of birth, collection date, age, gender and other information were recorded, individual photos were taken, and the feeding methods, feeding food and other information were obtained by questionnaire survey.
TIAN Fei
The ecological resource consumption data set of Tibet includes the ecological resource consumption data of 2000-2019 at the provincial, city and county levels. According to the actual situation of Tibet, ecological resource consumption mainly refers to the amount of ecological resources consumed in agricultural and animal husbandry production activities. The calculation of ecological resource consumption is based on grain production data, livestock stock data and livestock product production data, combined with the evaluation method of human appropriation the net primary productivity (HANPP), convert biomass data into carbon content data, and then calculate the ecological resource consumption. Ecological resource consumption data is the basic data for the study of ecological pressure and ecological carrying capacity, which can directly reveal the pressure of human agricultural and animal husbandry production activities on the ecosystem.
YAN Huiming
In order to collect the special germplasm resources of Qinghai Tibet Plateau and excavate the molecular markers affecting the special germplasm resources, individual sheep with excellent ectopic spots were selected for marker assisted selection, propagation and generation breeding according to the genetic marker information, so as to cultivate the families of special germplasm resources. In 2021, this sub project (2019QZKK05010704) widely collected samples of Qinghai Tibetan sheep and Qinghai fine wool sheep in Haibei, Qinghai, and continued to establish and expand the first and second core groups in Ledu agricultural experimental station and Qinghai Sanjiaocheng sheep breeding farm. This data set contains the basic information of 1050 tissue samples, including variety, collection place, collection time, gender, tissue type, preservation method, etc.
ZHAO Kai
In order to analyze the genomic characteristics, domestication, population history, genetic diversity and population differentiation characteristics of large forehead cattle, as well as the genetic basis of excellent meat economic traits of large forehead cattle, this sub project (2019QZKK05010703) investigated the genetic resources of Dulong cattle and Gaofeng cattle in Kunming and Wenshan Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province in 2021, and collected tissue samples of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney. Provide scientific theoretical reference for the protection, development and utilization of large cattle germplasm resources, and promote the development of high-end beef cattle industry in China. This data set contains individual photos and tissue sample information table, which records basic information such as variety, collection place, collection time, sample type, sampling position and so on.
LI Yan
In order to master the species composition, floristic characteristics and host information of plateau agricultural and animal husbandry elephants and related natural enemy insects such as Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera, establish a DNA bar code rapid identification system of plateau agricultural and animal husbandry natural enemy insects, evaluate the current situation of natural enemy resources, and put forward suggestions for the sustainable utilization of natural enemy insects. The sub project 2019qzkk05010606 carried out the investigation of natural enemy insect resources in key agricultural and pastoral areas, bulk crop related elephants, Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the construction of natural enemy insect species diversity database, and the evaluation of the current situation and sustainable utilization of natural enemy resources. During 2020, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the farming pastoral ecotone, the Farming Forestry ecotone, and the hinterland of farming and pastoral areas in Yunnan Province will carry out the investigation of key groups of natural enemy insects such as Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera, collect samples, biological information and ecological environment information, systematically sort out the samples of natural enemy insects according to the standards and norms, and effectively preserve them, Carry out species morphological identification and obtain DNA bar code information, integrate species geographical distribution, host information, ecological pictures and other information, and build a natural enemy species diversity information database; Evaluate the current situation of natural enemy resources and put forward suggestions for sustainable utilization.
LIU Ning
In order to master the species composition, floristic characteristics and host information of plateau agricultural and animal husbandry elephants and related natural enemy insects such as Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera, establish a DNA bar code rapid identification system of plateau agricultural and animal husbandry natural enemy insects, evaluate the current situation of natural enemy resources, and put forward suggestions for the sustainable utilization of natural enemy insects. The sub project 2019qzkk05010601 carried out the investigation of natural enemy insect resources in key agricultural and pastoral areas, bulk crop related elephants, Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the construction of natural enemy insect species diversity database, and the evaluation of the current situation and sustainable utilization of natural enemy resources. During 2020, the Tibet Autonomous Region, the farming pastoral ecotone, the Farming Forestry ecotone, and the hinterland of farming and pastoral areas in Yunnan Province will carry out the investigation of key groups of natural enemy insects such as Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Diptera, collect samples, biological information and ecological environment information, systematically sort out the samples of natural enemy insects according to the standards and norms, and effectively preserve them, Carry out species morphological identification and obtain DNA bar code information, integrate species geographical distribution, host information, ecological pictures and other information, and build a natural enemy species diversity information database; Evaluate the current situation of natural enemy resources and put forward suggestions for sustainable utilization.
QIAO Gexia
This sub project (2019qzkk05010411) focuses on the population investigation and monitoring of wild yak, Tibetan antelope and brown bear, carries out systematic and continuous field investigation, finds out their geographical distribution, population number and population structure, and carries out appropriate habitat assessment. The distribution area and potential distribution area are selected and divided into multiple sub areas. Stratified random sampling is adopted according to habitat type, climate, altitude and other factors, and the population counting method, variable distance spline method or fixed width spline method are used for investigation respectively. At the same time, in view of the extremely low encounter rate of brown bears, combined with the interview method. The investigation area mainly includes the distribution areas and potential distribution areas of the three animals in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Haixi Mongolian Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and other prefectures and counties in Qinghai Province, in order to master the distribution and five-year population dynamics of wild yak, Tibetan antelope and brown bear in Qinghai Province. This data set contains photos of yaks, Tibetan antelopes and brown bears investigated in Qinghai in 2021.
CHEN Zhenning
In order to describe the distribution pattern of genetic diversity of important rodents on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, clarify their relevant genetic background, analyze their population fluctuation law and influencing factors under the background of global climate change, analyze the impact of plateau pika on birds and its significance in maintaining ecosystem stability, and to explore the adaptation and evolution mechanism of plateau species and build a population outbreak prediction and early warning system, It is of great theoretical and practical significance to correctly understand the status and role of plateau pika in ecosystem and put forward timely and effective population management countermeasures. This sub project (2019qzkk05010410) focuses on the investigation of plateau pika in Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Golog Prefecture and Hainan prefecture of Qinghai in 2021. A total of 200 tissue samples such as spleen and lung of plateau pika were collected. This data set contains 1 sample information table. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel.
QU Jiapeng
Using satellite tracking technology, this sub project (2019QZKK05010409) tracked the overwintering population in the middle of black necked Crane. After catching the black necked Crane by the foot button method, we adopt the foot ring method to fix the tracker, which greatly improves the tracking achievement rate and the amount of data obtained. When the power is ideal, the sampling frequency can be accelerated to one point in half an hour. Get more detailed tracking data. The relevant results show that the selection of wintering sites for black necked cranes is highly stable. Preliminary analysis shows that there is a strong connecting line between wintering sites and breeding sites, but there are also the characteristics of larvae in different summers. The strong migration connectivity indicates that black necked cranes are more vulnerable to environmental changes. This data set contains 200 habitat photos of black necked cranes and 1276 activity data of young black necked cranes. The satellite tracking data sheet of young black necked Crane recorded longitude and latitude, date, altitude, speed, temperature and other information.
WU Heqi
Plateau Zokor and plateau pika are endemic and key species widely distributed in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and surrounding plain areas. Different geographical locations and ecological environment have led to diversified species formation. The research on the origin and evolution of these species needs to be improved. At the same time, their geographical distribution and morphological characteristics are good materials for studying plateau adaptation and adaptive evolution. Comparing the analysis of genome, transcriptome and epigenetics between Plateau and other low altitude plain related species can help to analyze the mechanism of plateau adaptation and preliminarily explore the mechanism of apparent modification in plateau adaptation. In 2021, a total of 112 tissue samples of 16 animals were collected in Qinghai Province. This data set contains a sample information table, which contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, and is stored in the form of Excel. In order to explore the plateau adaptive evolution of flagship species on the plateau, chip SEQ sequencing and transcriptome sequencing were carried out on 16 individuals of Plateau Zokor and Pika in Maduo County and Laji mountain, Qinghai Province. Each individual produced 15GB data, a total of 600gb. The data is stored in fastq format.
LV Xuemei
In order to assess the harm of domestic rodents to biodiversity and people's production and life on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, assess the subsequent potential ecological impact and risk, and provide a new basis for formulating more scientific and effective biological prevention and control and ecological protection measures. This sub project (2019qzkk05010303) conducted a comprehensive field investigation on the species composition, population characteristics and distribution range of domestic rodents in Lhasa, Tibet, Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai and Chengdu, Sichuan in 2021, and collected samples of domestic rodents. A total of 80 tissue samples of rats and mice were collected. This data set contains a tissue sample information table, which records the collection place, collection time, species, sample type and other information.
JING Meidong
In order to describe the distribution of amphibians and reptiles and the harm caused by exotic animals in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, clarify their relevant genetic background, and establish the corresponding genetic resource bank. In 2021, this sub project (2019qzkk05010302) focused on Changdu area and its surrounding areas of Tibet Autonomous Region, and collected 30 germplasm resources of American bullfrog, Zelu frog and verrucous narrow mouth frog. This data set contains one specimen information table, one tissue sample information table, habitat photos and specimen photos. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel.
LI Yiming
This sub project (2019QZKK05010217) plans to select Qinghai sand lizard, an exothermic vertebrate that is very sensitive to environmental changes, as the representative. Through field investigation, we will compare the differences in morphology, physiology and life history of Qinghai sand lizard populations at different altitudes in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas, and analyze the response and adaptation characteristics of Qinghai sand lizard to environmental changes in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, Combined with species distribution model (SDM) and mechanism model, this paper predicts the threatened degree of Qinghai sand lizard in the future, and puts forward the Protection Countermeasures of Qinghai sand lizard diversity on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau under the background of climate warming, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the protection of Reptile Diversity on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau under the background of environmental change. This data includes ecological photos and habitat photos of Qinghai sand lizard in Gonghe County, Haiyan County and Maduo County of Qinghai Province.
DU Weiguo
In order to analyze the phenotype and genetic adaptation of different populations of sand lizard in Tibet to environmental changes, this sub project (2019QZKK05010216) selects the vertical zone of altitude gradient in the plateau as the main line, collects samples throughout the distribution area of red tailed sand lizard, compares the differences of morphology, physiology and life history of different populations, and analyzes their phenotype and genetic adaptation to environmental changes, Combined with the species distribution model and mechanism model, the threatened degree of red tailed sand lizard in the future is predicted, and the Protection Countermeasures of plateau sand lizard under the background of climate warming are put forward, which provides a theoretical basis for the protection of Reptile Diversity on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau under the background of environmental change. In 2021, sand lizard sample resources were collected in Jiuquan, Gansu Province and Delingha, Qinghai Province. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
JI Xiang
In order to determine the distribution points and habitat types of plateau forest frog along the latitudinal gradient in Qinghai, in 2021, a total of 8 distribution points of plateau forest frog were collected in Minhe County of Haidong, Qinghai, Gonghe County of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Maqin County of Golog Prefecture, covering an altitude of 2000-3800m. This dataset contains 1 coordinate information table and 57 habitat photos. The coordinate information table contains information such as number, recording date, time, weather, coordinate longitude and latitude, altitude sample, habitat type and photo number of representative habitat, which are stored in the form of Excel. Photos are stored in JPG format. In order to reveal the impact of climate change on the diversity of plateau forest frogs on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in the future, the thermal safety margin of different geographical populations of plateau forest frogs was calculated through the data of thermophysiological indexes and environmental effective temperature, and the threat of climate warming of different geographical populations of plateau forest frogs was evaluated. This data set includes field activity body temperature, resting metabolic rate, ambient temperature and morphological data of four altitude populations of plateau forest frog, which supplements the selected body temperature, tolerance temperature and temperature correction data of 2000 m altitude populations. The data is stored in Excel format. In order to study the differences of genetic diversity of plateau forest frog at different altitudes, 100 samples of plateau forest frog collected from four altitudes (2000 m, 2600 m, 3200 m and 3800 m) of Qinghai Tibet Plateau were sequenced and analyzed based on the sequences of four mitochondrial genes (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, coi and cytb), so as to provide scientific basis for the protection of this species. This data includes 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA The sequence data obtained from the sequencing of COI and cytb genes supplement the sequence data of four genes of the population at an altitude of 2000m. The data is stored in FASTA format
ZHANG Yongpu
In order to describe the effects of environmental changes and human disturbance on the temporal and spatial distribution of small mammals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, statistical models and molecular techniques were used to identify the species of small mammals with different altitude gradients. In 2021, 105 small mammal resources such as plateau pika, Meriones meridionalis, three toed jerboa, five toed jerboa and Qinghai squirrel were collected in 8 areas of Xihai Town, Gangcha county and Delingha city of Qinghai Province. The solid samples include animal solid samples and muscles, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, pancreas, bladder, testis and ovary. This data set contains one specimen information table, one tissue sample information table and one photo corresponding to each specimen. The sample information table contains basic sample information such as species, variety, detailed sampling place, sample type, collection time, collector and storage method, which is stored in the form of Excel. Photos, stored in JPG format.
HOU Xiang
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